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AIDS and behavior 激励与违约: HIV筛查行为方法的成本效益。
影响因子:4.852 DOI:10.1007/s10461-019-02425-8
作者: Wagner Z,Montoy JCC,Drabo EF,Dow WH 发表时间:2020-07-11 01:10:34
keywords: Wagner ZMontoy JCCDrabo EFDow WH
关键词: 行为经济学 成本效益 默认值 HIV检测 激励措施
Abstract
:Many HIV positive individuals are still undiagnosed, which has led health systems to try many approaches to expand HIV testing. In a randomized controlled trial, we found that behavioral economics interventions (opt-out testing and financial incentives) each improved HIV testing rates and these approaches are being implemented by several hospital systems. However, it is unclear if these strategies are cost-effective. We quantified the cost-effectiveness of different behavioral approaches to HIV screening-opt-out testing, financial incentives, and their combination-in terms of cost per new HIV diagnosis and infections averted. We estimated the incremental number of new HIV diagnoses and program costs using a mathematical screening model, and infections averted using and HIV transmission model. We used a 1-year time horizon and a hospital perspective. Switching from opt-into opt-out results in 39 additional diagnoses (56% increase) after 1-year at a cost of $3807 per new diagnosis. Switching from no incentive to a $1, $5, or $10 incentive adds 14, 13, and 28 new diagnoses (20, 19, and 41% increases) at a cost of $11,050, $17,984, and $15,298 per new diagnosis, respectively. Layering on financial incentives to opt-out testing enhances program effectiveness, though at a greater marginal cost per diagnosis. We found a similar pattern for infections averted. This is one of the first cost-effectiveness analyses of behavioral economics interventions in public health. Changing the choice architecture from opt-into opt-out and giving financial incentives for testing are both cost-effective in terms of detecting HIV and reducing transmission. For hospitals interested in increasing HIV screening rates, changing the choice architecture is an efficient strategy and more efficient than incentives.
摘 要
: 许多艾滋病毒抗体阳性者仍未得到诊断,这导致卫生系统尝试了许多扩大艾滋病毒检测的方法。在一项随机对照试验中,我们发现行为经济学干预 (选择退出检测和财务激励) 各自提高了HIV检测率,这些方法正在由几个医院系统实施。然而,尚不清楚这些策略是否具有成本效益。我们量化了HIV筛查的不同行为方法的成本效益-选择退出检测、财务激励及其组合-在每例新HIV诊断和避免感染的成本方面。我们使用数学筛查模型估计了新HIV诊断和项目成本的增量数量,使用和HIV传播模型避免了感染。我们使用了 1 年的时间跨度和医院视角。从选择转换为选择退出导致 1 年后增加 39 个诊断 (增加 56%),每个新诊断的费用为 3807 美元。从无激励转换为 $1 、 $5 或 $1 0 激励增加了 1 4 、 1 3 和 28 个新诊断 (20 、 1 9 和 4 增加 1%) 每个新诊断的费用分别为 $1 1 、 0 5 0 、 $1 7,984 和 $1 5 298。选择退出测试的财务激励分层增强了项目有效性,尽管每次诊断的边际成本更高。我们发现了避免感染的类似模式。这是公共卫生行为经济学干预的第一个成本效益分析之一。从选择架构改为选择退出,给予检测经济激励,在检测HIV和减少传播方面都具有成本效益。对于有兴趣提高HIV筛查率的医院来说,改变选择架构是一种高效的策略,比激励更高效。
期刊介绍
《AIDS AND BEHAVIOR》 (点击进入期刊详情)
英文简介 : AIDS and Behavior provides an international venue for the scientific exchange of research and scholarly work on the contributing factors, prevention, consequences, social impact, and response to HIV/AIDS. The journal publishes original peer-reviewed papers addressing all areas of AIDS behavioral research including: individual, contextual, social, economic and geographic factors that facilitate HIV transmission; interventions aimed to reduce HIV transmission risks at all levels and in all contexts; mental health aspects of HIV/AIDS; medical and behavioral consequences of HIV infection - including health-related quality of life, coping, treatment and treatment adherence; and the impact of HIV infection on adults children, families, communities and societies. The journal publishes original research articles, brief research reports, and critical literature reviews.
中文简介 : (来自Google、百度翻译) 艾滋病与行为为科学交流提供了一个国际场所,就艾滋病毒/艾滋病的致病因素、预防、后果、社会影响和应对措施进行研究和学术工作。该杂志发表原创的同行评议论文,涉及艾滋病行为研究的所有领域,包括:促进艾滋病毒传播的个人、背景、社会、经济和地理因素;旨在在所有级别和所有情况下降低艾滋病毒传播风险的干预措施;艾滋病毒/艾滋病的精神卫生方面;艾滋病毒感染的医学和行为后果——包括与健康相关的生活质量、应对、治疗和治疗依从性;以及艾滋病毒感染对成人、儿童、家庭、社区和社会的影响。该杂志发表原创研究文章,简短的研究报告,和批评的文献评论。
CIRCULATION RESEARCH 期刊中科院评价数据
新中科院分区
大类(学科) 小类(学科) 学科排名
社会科学

SOCIAL SCIENCES, BIOMEDICAL(社会科学,生物医学)

4/42
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总被引频次 :9705

特征因子 : 0.025060

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